River Birch (Betula nigra)

River Birch is a fast-growing, deciduous tree native to the eastern United States, especially along riverbanks and floodplains. It is prized for its attractive, peeling bark in shades of cinnamon, salmon, and cream, as well as its graceful, pyramidal form. Unlike many other birches, River Birch is heat-tolerant and resistant to bronze birch borer, making it a popular choice for landscapes, rain gardens, and naturalized areas.

Category

Sun Needs:

  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Best growth and form in full sun
  • Tolerates light shade, especially in moist environments

Bloom Time:

  • Spring
  • Inconspicuous catkins appear before or with leaf emergence
Size:

Height: 40 to 70 feet
Width: 30 to 60 feet

Attributes:
  • Attractive, exfoliating bark in multiple colors
  • Fast-growing and tolerant of wet soils
  • Resistant to bronze birch borer
  • Provides shade and habitat for wildlife
  • Native to the southeastern and central U.S.
Care Tips:
  • Prefers moist, acidic, well-drained soil
  • Tolerates clay, sand, and periodic flooding
  • Water regularly during establishment
  • Mulch to retain moisture and protect roots
  • Prune in late summer or fall to avoid sap bleeding
Pest Watch:
  • Generally pest-resistant
  • Monitor for aphids, leaf miners, or chlorosis in alkaline soils

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