Sun Needs:
- Full sun to partial shade
- Best foliage color in full sun
- Tolerates a range of light conditions
Bloom Time:
- Mid to late spring
- Small, pale yellow flowers are not showy but attract pollinators
Size:
Height: 3 to 6 feet (some cultivars may be smaller or larger)
Width: 3 to 6 feet
Attributes:
- Colorful foliage in shades of green, red, or purple
- Bright red berries persist into winter
- Thorny branches deter deer and make it useful as a barrier plant
- Drought-tolerant once established
- Widely used in landscaping, but invasive in many areas
Care Tips:
- Prefers well-drained soil; tolerates a wide range of soil types
- Water regularly during establishment; drought-tolerant afterward
- Prune in late winter or early spring to shape and control size
- Wear gloves when handling due to sharp thorns
- Check local regulations before planting
Pest Watch:
- Generally pest-resistant
- May harbor ticks in dense thickets
- Monitor for aphids or scale in some conditions



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