Sun Needs:
- Partial shade to full shade
- Some varieties tolerate morning sun (especially those with yellow or gold foliage)
- Avoid hot afternoon sun to prevent leaf scorch
Bloom Time:
- Summer (typically June to August)
- Bell-shaped flowers on tall scapes; fragrant in some varieties
Size:
Height: 6 inches to 3 feet (variety dependent)
Width: 1 to 6 feet spread (variety dependent)
Attributes:
- Grown primarily for beautiful foliage
- Long-lasting and low-maintenance
- Excellent for borders, mass plantings, and containers
- Attracts hummingbirds and pollinators when in bloom
- Deer and slug prone—protect as needed
- Thrives in rich, moist, well-drained soil
- Very cold-hardy and tolerant of deep shade
Companion:
- Ferns
- Astilbe
- Brunnera
- Coral Bells (Heuchera)
- Bleeding Heart (Dicentra)
- Lungwort (Pulmonaria)
- Japanese Forest Grass (Hakonechloa)
- Toad Lily (Tricyrtis)
- Solomon’s Seal (Polygonatum)
- Shade-loving bulbs like snowdrops or crocuses



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